Cellulitis is a common, potentially serious bacterial skin infection

Cellulitis is a common, potentially serious bacterial skin infection (usually Streptococcus or Staphylococcus) affecting the skin’s deeper layers and subcutaneous tissue. It causes red, hot, swollen, and painful skin, often on the lower legs, with symptoms like fever or chills. Treatment involves antibiotics, with recovery typically within 7–10 days, though it can become severe if untreated. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Causes
Cellulitis occurs when bacteria enter the skin through a break, such as: [1]
    • Wounds: Cuts, fractures, burns, or surgical incisions.
    • Skin Conditions: Eczema, psoriasis, or athlete’s foot (tinea pedis).
    • Animal/Insect Bites: Bites or stings.
    • Weakened Immune System: Conditions like diabetes, obesity, or poor circulation.
    • Injection Drug Use:. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Symptoms
The infection usually affects one side of the body and includes: [1]
    • Red, tender, swollen, and warm skin.
    • Pain and tenderness.
    • Blisters or skin rash.
    • Fever, chills, and fatigue.
    • Red or dark brown streaks on the skin, and enlarged lymph nodes. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Types/Related Conditions
    • General Cellulitis: Common skin-level infection.
    • Erysipelas: A superficial form of cellulitis with sharper, raised, and more defined borders.
    • Orbital/Periorbital Cellulitis: Infection in or around the eye, which is serious and requires immediate care. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Treatment and Prognosis
    • Antibiotics: Oral or intravenous antibiotics are required to treat the infection.
    • Duration: Most people recover in a week or two with prompt treatment.
    • Self-Care: Resting, elevating the affected area, and keeping the skin clean can help.
    • Recurrence: It can recur if underlying causes (e.g., foot fungus, poor circulation) are not addressed. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

When to Seek Care
Seek prompt medical care for spreading redness, fever, or pain. Untreated, it can lead to complications like blood infection (septicemia) or necrotizing fasciitis. [1, 2]

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